Targeted spot repair (open-cut at failure point)
Strengths
- Lowest cost when only one location has failed ($1,500–$4,000)
- Direct visual confirmation of pipe condition at the repair site
- No lining equipment or staging required
- Right choice when camera inspection confirms an isolated failure
Trade-offs
- Addresses only the excavated location — adjacent deterioration may fail soon after
- Disturbs landscaping, concrete, or pavers at the excavation site
- If multiple locations are failing, repeated spot repairs cost more than lining
